1. Start with the business
- Value Drivers: Size, growth rate, management, niche, history
- Value Detractors: Customer concentration
Poor financials
Outdated M&E
Few assets
Lack of agreements with employees, customers, suppliers
Poor exit possibilities
Small market
Potential technology changes
Product or service very price sensitive
2. Financial analysis: Market Value - comparables
Multiple of Earnings - based on rate of return desired
3. Structure and terms: 100% cash at closing could reduce price 20%
4. Second opinion: Even professionals need a sounding board
5. Indications of high value:
- High sustainable cash flow
- Expected industry growth
- Good market share
- Competitive advantage - location/exclusive product line
- Undervalued assets - land/equipment
- Healthy working capital
- Low failure rate in industry
- Modern well-kept plant
6. Indications of low value:
- Poor outlook for industry -
foreign competition
price cutting
regulations
taxes
material costs
- Distressed circumstances
- History of problems - employees, customers, suppliers, litigation
- Heavy debt load